Beyond Paint

How do these artists use unexpected materials to express their ideas?

Enlargeable photo of painting with different shades of blue

Mary Weatherford (b. 1963), double wave at Windansea, 2015. Flashe and neon on linen. 

©Mary Weatherford/Courtesy of David Kordansky Gallery.

How does Weatherford capture the feeling of being at the beach?


The hardware store. The thrift store. The salon. Where do you shop for art supplies? And do you think about what meaning the materials you select can add to your work? Materials carry meaning and can often help viewers understand the ideas an artist is exploring. 

The three contemporary artists featured on these pages work with unconventional materials. What messages do the artists convey, and how do the materials they use support or emphasize their ideas?

Enlargeable photo of intricate hand-made head piece

Hrafnhildur Arnardóttir/Shoplifter (b. 1969), Hair sculpture, 2004. 

©Björk/Inez van Lamsweerde and Vindoodh Matadin.

What does Shoplifter do to ask questions about beauty?

Light Bulb Moment

How do you convey the mood of a place in an abstract painting? At first, California artist Mary Weatherford used layers of color and texture to achieve that goal. But she sometimes felt that she hadn’t quite captured the essence of the places that inspired her works.

One night, after noticing how a glowing neon sign gave depth to the natural light and colors of the surrounding area, she began adding neon bulbs to her paintings to achieve the same effect. Depending on the painting, Weatherford uses pink, yellow, orange, blue, or other neon bulbs.

In her 2015 double wave at Windansea, top image, which was inspired by the ocean waves near Windansea Beach in California, Weatherford uses a blue neon bulb. The artificial light bounces off the layers of paint to help create the feeling of the state’s unique coastal light.

Enlargeable photo of wooden bird cage with colorful fabric

Sonia Gomes (b. 1948), Gaiola, 2016. Sewing, binding, fabrics and lace over cage, wire and wood. ©Sonia Gomes/Courtesy of Sonia Gomes and Mendes Wood DM São Paulo, Brussels, New York.

How does Gomes reflect the past in a contemporary way?

New Life for Found Objects

In school, Sonia Gomes learned that “not everything is art, but art can be anything.” She applies this to her own art. Gomes creates work from fabrics she finds or that people give her. She also uses wire, driftwood, old birdcages, and other found objects. 

Gomes was born in the Brazilian town of Caetanópolis. She ties, twists, stuffs, and sews her sculptures into organic, or curved, shapes. They reflect Afro-Brazilian culture and history. Caetanópolis was once an important textile manufacturing center. 

The artist made Gaiola, above, in 2016. Gomes stitches a sculpture and places it inside a birdcage. She wants viewers to think about the meaning of freedom and racism in Brazil. The country didn’t abolish slavery until 1888.

Gomes creates art by upcycling, or reusing materials to make something new. The materials honor local traditions. They “bring the history of the people that they belonged to and I give a new significance to them,” Gomes says.

Teaching Resources

SKILLS SHEETS

PDF
Sketchbook Starters: Materials With Meaning

Grades 7-12: Create a sketch based on prompts from the December 2021 issue.

PDF
PDF
Vocabulary: Materials With Meaning

Grades 7-12: View definitions for the elements and principles of art featured in the December 2021 issue.

PDF
PDF
Reading Review: Materials With Meaning

Grades 7-12: Answer reading comprehension questions about the December 2021 issue.

PDF

LESSON PLANS

SKILLS SHEETS

PDF
Visual Vocabulary: Materials With Meaning

Grades 4-6: Create sketches based on art vocabulary words featured in the December 2021 issue.

PDF
PDF
What I Learned: Materials With Meaning

Grades 4-6: Use a graphic organizer to closely read the December 2021 issue.

PDF
PDF
Summarize: Materials With Meaning

Grades 4-6: Answer reading comprehension questions about the December 2021 issue.

PDF

LESSON PLANS

PDF
Answer Key: Grades 4-6

Find answers to the skill builders and activities for grades 4-6 from the December 2021 issue.

PDF
Text-to-Speech